Albert Camus :: essays research papers

Albert Camus was a French-Algerian novelist, essayist, dramatist, and journalist and a Nobel laureate. He was born in Algeria to a French father and Spanish mother. After his father was killed in WWI, he was raised in poverty by his grandmother and mother. He was forced to end his studies and limit his life in field of honor as a playwright, director, and worker due to tuberculosis. He then turned his interest to politics and, after briefly being a member of the Communist party, he began a flight in journalism in 1930. His articles reflected the suffering of the Arabs in Algeria. This led him to his dismissal of his newspaper job. Later, he worked in Paris for a newspaper and soon he became involved in Resistance movements against the Germans. He started writing an underground newspaper. Camus wrote many novels and his writings, illustrated his view of the absurdity of tender existence Humans are not absurd, and the ground is not absurd, but for humans to be in the world is abs urd. In his opinion, humans cannot feel at home in the world because they yearn for order, clarity, meaning, and sodding(a) life, while the world is chaotic, obscure, and indifferent and offers only suffering and death. Thus human beings are alienated from the world. Integrity and dignity require them to face and accept the human condition as it is and to find purely human solutions to their plight. He used a simple and clear but elegant form of writing to dumbfound his ideas about morality, justice and love. In 1957, Camus received the Nobel price for literature. He was deeply troubled by the Algerian War of Independence and he immersed himself in the theatre and working on an autobiographical novel. He died in an automobile accident just before being named director of the national theater. The Theory of existential philosophyExistentialism as a distinct philosophical and literary movement belongs to the 19th and 20th centuries. Although existentialism is impossible to define, s ome of its common themes can be identified. peerless of the major theme is the stress on concrete individual existence and, consequently, on subjectivity, individual freedom, and choice. 19th century Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard, was the first source to call himself existential. He wrote in his journal, "I must find a truth that is true for me . . . the idea for which I can live or die.

The Influence of the FLN on De Gaulle and Algerias Independence Essay

The Influence of the FLN on De Gaulle and Algerias IndependenceIn 1957, cut Forces were able to militarily defeat and temporarily subdue FLN. However, to the surprise of the whole world, French President Charles De Gaulle opted for a political solution and announced independence for the Algerians in 1962. To what extent did the activities of FLN influence De Gaulle and what other factors can be place which led to his surprising decision to grant independence to Algeria?Introduction1. The Algerian War of Independence (195462) was a period of guerrilla strikes, maquis fighting, terrorism against civilians on both(prenominal) sides, and riots between the French army and colonists in Algeria and the FLN (Front de Libration Nationale) and other pro-independence Algerians. Although the French government of the time considered all Algerian violence, including violence against the French military, to be crimes or terrorism, some French people, such as former anti-Nazi guerrilla and l awyer(Jacques Verges) have compared French resistance to Nazi German occupation to Algerian resistance to French occupation. 2. The struggle was touched off by the FLN in 1954, only two years before France was forced to give up its control over Tunisia and Morocco. The FLNs briny Algerian rival with the same goal of Algerian independence was the later National Algerian Movement (Mouvement National Algrien, MNA) whose main supporters were Algerian workers in France. The FLN and MNA fought against individually other in France, and sometimes in Algeria, for nearly the full duration of the conflict. 3. Algeria was the greatest and in many ways the archetype of all anti-colonial wars. In the nineteenth century the Europeans won colonial wars because the indigenous peoples had lost the will to resist. In the 20th century the roles were reversed, and it was Europe which lost the will to hang on to its gains. Algeria was a classic case of this reversal. 4. In 1830 Algeria bec ame a French territory and in 1848 was made a dpartement attached to France . During this period political and economic mogul were held mainly by the minority of white settlers, and the indigenous Moslem minority did not have equal rights. Moslems were killed before independence was declared on July 5, 1962. afterwards that year the Algerian provisional government transferred authority to the Poli... ...ely compelled French authorities to announce independence for the Algerian people. This war of independence passed through many ups and downs and millions of barren people suffered badly but the ultimate will of the people found its way to the final success. Movement of such nature should always remain a source of inspiration and motivation for the deprived and suppressed people of the world. BIBLIOGRAPHY1. BooksAlistair Horne A Savage War Of Peace, Algeria 1954 1962, Macmillan London Limited, London.Tania Matthews War in Algeria Background for Crisis, Fordham University Pre ss. Dorothy Pickles Algeria and France From Colonialism to Cooperation, Methuen and co.ltd.2. Interneta. www.crimesofwar.org/thebook/algeria.htmlb. encarta.msn.com/Algerian_War_of_Independence.htmlc. www.usfca.edu/fac-staff/webberm/algeriad. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algerian_Ware. http//www.absoluteastronomy.com/ encyclopedia/A/Al/Algerian_War_of_Independence.htmf. www.free-definition.com/Algerian-War-of-Independence.htmlg. www.country-studies.com/algeria/political-movements.htmlh. http//www.sahara-overland.com/routes

Grapes Of Wrath - Characterization :: John Steinbeck and Robert Demott

turn out/ Quotations from the Text"Winfield was breathless in his telling. So then they fit, an that big miss hit Ruthie a considerably one, an Ruthie say her brotherd kill that big girls brother. An then- an then, Ruthie said our brother already kilt two fellas. An- an that big girl said, Oh yeah Youre jus a litlle smarty liar. An Ruthie said, Oh yeah? Well, our brothers a- hiding right now from killin a fella, an he can kill that big girls brother too" (456)."Muley continued, Well, sir, its a jolly thing. Somepin went an happened to me when they tol me I had to get off the place. .. Then all(prenominal) my folks all went away out west. An I got wanderin aroun. Jus walkin aroun. Never went far. Slep where I was... Id tell myself, Im lookin after things so when all the folks come back itll be all right. provided I knowed that want true. There aint nothin to look after. The folks aint never comin back. Im jus wanderin aroun like a anathemize ol graveyard ghos" (54).Analysis/ Comwork forcetaryAt the camp, Ruthie becomes engaged in an origin that leads to serious consequences. In an effort to preserve her Cracker Jacks, she threatens to call upon her brother, who has killed two men and is now in hiding. Ruthies revelation endangers Tom and forces him to abandon both his hideout and family. Ma, whose primary goal has been to keep the family together, must bid another painful farewell. by means of his speech, Muley reveals that he is stubborn and refuses to accept the fact that things have changed. His home has been seized, and his family migrated to California, exactly he refuses to leave the land. Muley roams the countryside alone, sleeping and eating like a wild animal.Evidence/ Quotations from the Text"John shook his head. " zero(prenominal) Go on. Aint goin. Gonna res here. No good goin back. No good to nobody-jus a draggin my sins like dirty drawers mongst nice folks. No. Aint goin....Go ri long. I aint no good. I aint no go od. Jus a-draggin my sins, a-dirtyin everbody." (305)."For a minute rose wine of Sharon sat still in the whispering barn. Then she hoisted her tired body up and drew the comfort about her. She moved slowly to the corner and stood facial expression have at the wasted face, into the wide, frightened eyes. Then slowly she lay down beside him.Grapes Of Wrath - Characterization John Steinbeck and Robert Demott Evidence/ Quotations from the Text"Winfield was breathless in his telling. So then they fit, an that big girl hit Ruthie a good one, an Ruthie said her brotherd kill that big girls brother. An then- an then, Ruthie said our brother already kilt two fellas. An- an that big girl said, Oh yeah Youre jus a litlle smarty liar. An Ruthie said, Oh yeah? Well, our brothers a- hiding right now from killin a fella, an he can kill that big girls brother too" (456)."Muley continued, Well, sir, its a funny thing. Somepin went an happened to me when they tol me I had to g et off the place. .. Then all my folks all went away out west. An I got wanderin aroun. Jus walkin aroun. Never went far. Slep where I was... Id tell myself, Im lookin after things so when all the folks come back itll be all right. But I knowed that want true. There aint nothin to look after. The folks aint never comin back. Im jus wanderin aroun like a damn ol graveyard ghos" (54).Analysis/ CommentaryAt the camp, Ruthie becomes engaged in an argument that leads to serious consequences. In an effort to preserve her Cracker Jacks, she threatens to call upon her brother, who has killed two men and is now in hiding. Ruthies revelation endangers Tom and forces him to abandon both his hideout and family. Ma, whose primary goal has been to keep the family together, must bid another painful farewell.Through his speech, Muley reveals that he is stubborn and refuses to accept the fact that things have changed. His home has been seized, and his family migrated to California, but he refuse s to leave the land. Muley roams the countryside alone, sleeping and eating like a wild animal.Evidence/ Quotations from the Text"John shook his head. "No. Go on. Aint goin. Gonna res here. No good goin back. No good to nobody-jus a draggin my sins like dirty drawers mongst nice folks. No. Aint goin....Go ri long. I aint no good. I aint no good. Jus a-draggin my sins, a-dirtyin everbody." (305)."For a minute Rose of Sharon sat still in the whispering barn. Then she hoisted her tired body up and drew the comfort about her. She moved slowly to the corner and stood looking down at the wasted face, into the wide, frightened eyes. Then slowly she lay down beside him.

Oedipus - He tried and failed. :: Classics

Oedipus - He tried and failed.Oedipus is one of the most famous tragic characters of Greek drama.Sophocles, a famous composer of tragic Greek drama, wrote Oedipus theKing. In this drama, Oedipus is just a good king trying to help hispeople by punishing a criminal for a certain crime he committed. Eventhough he tries so hard not to do what was foretold that he would do,he ends up doing it all the same. He was innocent of the knowledge ofwhat he was doing, but guilty of the act he commits. He is a good kingin trying to help his people, without his knowing it, he is the causeof the difficulty he is trying to solve, and when he tries to avoid theunavoidable, he finds that he is the reason for the problem.Oedipus is a good king, just trying to save his people by removing theplague. In his attempt at trying to be the savior of his people, hecondemns the man who killed the former king. He wants to punish thatman because he is the reason for the plague that is ill-treating hispeople. He sa ys, Whoever he was that killed the king may readily wishto dispatch me with his murderous hand so helping the dead king Ihelp myself. (161-4) What he does not realize is that he is theculprit, the reason for the problem, and because he is goingunpunished, the plague had continued.When Oedipus is a young adult, he goes to the oracle of Apollo, whotells him that he will one twenty-four hours kill his father and marry his mother.Oedipus, who has no idea that he is adopted at the time, flees hishome in fear that he will cause harm to the parents he loves. After heleaves Delphi, the place of the oracle, he meets a man in a chariotwhose charioteer tells him to move aside. When he refuses, the otherman attacks him, and whence Oedipus turns and kills them all. He comesto Thebes the people were under siege by a Sphinx. After he saves thetown, he is given the queen, Jocasta, to be his wife as a reward. Whathe does not know was that the one of the men he killed was his fatherand the woman th at he marries is his mother.Oedipus the king never considers what he had done, until he hearscertain fades of information and starts to piece things together. Hefinds out that what was foretold to him, his killing his father and

angiogenesis blood vessel growth :: essays research papers

PDFG induces proliferation of fibroblasts, microglia, and smooth muscle. It is stored in platelet granules and is released following platelet aggregation. PDGF may also serve as a chemotactic agent for insurgent kiosks.Platelets circulate in the blood and are derived from megakaryocytic in the marrow. Like erythrocytes, they are anucleate. However, unlike erythrocytes, they contain numerous intracytoplasmic granules and are the source of numerous proinflammatory mediators. In fact, they are quantitatively the greatest single source of vasoactive amines in the body. They also are a rich source of thromboxane A2. It is their activation that, in part, initiates the vascular phase of the acute inflammatory response (see Fig. 2-13 in text). To have them play this role makes imminently good sense, because they are present in large rime throughout the circulation, i.e., some are always in close proximity to an inciting stimulus. Vasoactive Literally translated, this adjective means tha t a substance has the capacity to alter the physiologic state, especially the tone and caliber, of a vessel.Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), a dimeric glycoprotein composed of two A and/or B chains, is the principal mitogen in serum for mesenchymal cells. Applications take on culture of various cell types derived from connective tissue. It can also be used to study chemotaxis, wound healing, and bone repair. Another member of the PDGF family is the Vascular endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) with endothelial cell-specific activities (e.g., angiogenic and mitogenic factor). Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 1-3 reviews, a factor released from platelets upon clotting, is responsible for stimulating the proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro 4-6. PDGF is also produced by a number of cell types besides platelets and is mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells, bone cells, cartilage cells, connective tissue cells and some blood cells 7-9. PDGF is stored in platelet alpha granules and released upon platelet activation. PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers. The subunits of the PDGF dimers are homologous polypeptides designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. Natural PDGFs can exist either as homodimers (PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB) or heterodimers (PDGF-AB). Two splice variants exist for the A-chain (211AA for the long isoform, 196AA for the most abundant misfortunate isoform), and C-terminal proteolytic processing apparently occurs for the B-chain (and possibly the A-chain) 10-12. A-chain long isoform and B-chain contain a cell retention signal at the C-term end, which must be removed in order to release a freely circulating PDGF 13-16.Two distinct human PDGF receptor transmembrane binding proteins have been identified 17,18.

angiogenesis blood vessel growth :: essays research papers

PDFG induces proliferation of fibroblasts, microglia, and smooth muscle. It is stored in platelet granules and is released following platelet aggregation. PDGF may also serve as a chemotactic agent for inflammatory cells.Platelets pass out in the blood and ar derived from megakaryocytic in the marrow. Like erythrocytes, they are anucleate. However, unlike erythrocytes, they contain numerous intracytoplasmic granules and are the source of numerous proinflammatory mediators. In fact, they are quantitatively the greatest single source of vasoactive amines in the body. They also are a rich source of thromboxane A2. It is their activation that, in part, initiates the vascular microscope stage of the acute inflammatory response (see Fig. 2-13 in text). To have them play this role makes imminently good sense, because they are present in large numbers end-to-end the circulation, i.e., some are always in close proximity to an inciting stimulus. Vasoactive Literally translated, this adjec tive means that a substance has the capacity to alter the physiologic state, in particular the tone and caliber, of a vessel.Platelet-Derived process Factor (PDGF), a dimeric glycoprotein composed of two A and/or B chains, is the principal mitogen in serum for mesenchymal cells. Applications include conclusion of various cell types derived from connective tissue. It can also be used to study chemotaxis, wound healing, and bone repair. Another member of the PDGF family is the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) with endothelial cell-specific activities (e.g., angiogenic and mitogenic factor). Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 1-3 reviews, a factor released from platelets upon clotting, is responsible for stimulating the proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro 4-6. PDGF is also produced by a number of cell types as well platelets and is mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells, bone cells, cartilage cells, connective tissue cells and some blood cells 7-9. PDGF is stored in platelet alpha granules and released upon platelet activation. PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers. The subunits of the PDGF dimers are homologous polypeptides designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. Natural PDGFs can exist either as homodimers (PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB) or heterodimers (PDGF-AB). Two splice variants exist for the A-chain (211AA for the long isoform, 196AA for the most abundant short isoform), and C-terminal proteolytic processing apparently occurs for the B-chain (and possibly the A-chain) 10-12. A-chain long isoform and B-chain contain a cell retention signal at the C-term end, which must be removed in commit to release a freely circulating PDGF 13-16.Two distinct human PDGF receptor transmembrane binding proteins have been identified 17,18.

Assess the contribution of feminist sociologists to an understanding of family roles and relationships Essay

Assess the contribution of feminist sociologists to an understanding of family purposes and relationships. In this essay I will explore the different schools of feminism such as Marxist, liberal and radical feminism, who shargon the view that women are oppressed in a patriarchal society but differ in opinion on who benefits from the inequalities. Each school of feminism has their own understanding of family roles and relationships which I will assess through this essay. Firstly one must look at the segment of domestic labour and conjugal roles. Conjugal roles refer to the roles performed by men and women in relation to ho occasionkeeping, childcare and paid work. Traditionally men had the instrumental bread-winning role which the women had the expressive role (childcare and primary socialisation). Feminists say that the traditional division of labour is neither natural nor beneficial to women as their expressive role is unpaid and taken for granted. provided different feminist vi ews disagree on who benefits from this unpaid labour. Marxist feminists would argue it is capitalism that benefits most as wives keep their husbands happy and therefore they are left with a content workforce. On the other hand, radical feminists would argue that men are the main(prenominal) people to gain from womens oppression as we live in a patriarchal society. A functionalist view from Wilmott and Young says that there has been a march of progress in which the family has become more harmonious with more joint conjugal roles (where both partners parcel the household labour).However feminists reject this view with Oakley arguing the family still trunk patriarchal and Boulton saying the render to support the alleged stand out in symmetry is weak, and that the responsibility for childcare still lies with women. Furthermore, Oakley describes how the woman of the house role has become dominant for women in a sexual union since the industrialisation in the 19th century. Althou gh women started off as part of the work force they were gradually excluded and confined to the home with housework and childcare responsibilities. This shows how the role of the housewife was socially constructed rather than macrocosm natural as claimed by Parsons, and how it benefits both men and capitalism. Additionally, even though the 20th century saw a rise in the number of married women in paid labour, they remain in lower paid jobs and unable to climb the job ladder due the the spyglass ceiling (earning just 80% of a mans wages in the same position). Silver and Schor stress the importance of two economic developments that inhibit the file of housework on women.The commercialisation of housework means that goods and services previously produced by women themselves are now mass-produced and supplied by shops, including freezers, microwaves, ready meals and so on, reducing the amount of domestic labour women have to do. Additionally, the increase in women working allows them the ability to afford these goods. Silver and Schor, as a result, argue the burden on housework has decreased. However critics argue that for poorer women it is not an option to buy these expensive goods and services. Feminists also argue that even if commercialisation has reduced the amount of housework needing to be done, it does not prove that couples share the remaining chores equally. A further argument from some sociologists is that rather than a new man who has an equal share of housework now more women are working, women have simply acquired a dual burden of both paid and unpaid work. With this view feminists say that the family remains patriarchal, with men benefiting from both womens cyberspace but also their domestic labour. Ferri and Smith provide say of womens dual burden, finding that the father taking main responsibility for childcare occurred in less than 4% of families from their sample. In addition to the dual burden, Duncombe and Marsden argue the case of the triple shift where women do the twofold shift of housework and paid work, but also take up emotion work (the management of ones own and others emotions). As this essay has shown so far, there is inequality in who does what in the home but there is also inequality in decision-making in deciding who gets what and how the family resources are shared out between them. Barrett and McIntosh note that mean usually make the most important decisions, the financial support from men is often capricious and they usually gain more from womens domestic labour than they give back in return.Feminist sociologists Pahl and Vogler suggest that because of mens higher earnings women have more financial dependence on their husbands and this is why men take more control over major decisions. Edgell agrees with this view and states that women only drill some control on less important decisions such as home dcor. Finch argues that wives lives are generally structured around the husbands, such as if the h usband had to move for work, the wives would pick up and go with them, whereas it is unlikely that the husband would follow their wife for work. Radical feminists also suggest that domestic violence is evidence of patriarchy asmen use the threat or use of violence to control women. Domestic violence is a widespread problem being a sixth of all violent crime in 2007 and the cause of over 100 deaths per year. Domestic violence is mainly perpetrated by men against women with 1 in 4 women being assaulted by their partners at some point in their lives and only 1 in 7 men being assaulted. However these figures may be under representative as many victims are unwilling to report these events as police investigators are unwilling to record and wonder many claims. Some feminists also say that domestic violence occurs due the dominant models of masculinity in society leading some men to use violence to assert authority when they are challenged. However, Giddens explains it through the emotion al intensity of the family and Wilkinson says it is the product of stress created by social and economic inequalities (resulting in poverty, unemployment and poor housing). On the other hand these explanations do not explain why domestic violence also occurs in the middle and upper classes as well, despite the main victims being those in lower socio-economic groups. As shown in this essay, different feminist contributions to our understanding of the roles and relationships in the family have similarities.However those perspectives examined differ in solution to the oppression of women in our society. While liberal feminists believe that changes in the law and attitudes of people will be enough to bring equality, Marxist and radical feminists believes revolutionary changes to constituted social structures are needed. Marxist feminists also argue that the family must be abolished at the same time as socialist revolution replaces capitalism with a classless society. Radical feminists also believe that the family, the root of womens oppression, must be overturned the difference being that they believe this can only be achieved through separatism women must organise themselves to live independently of men. After reviewing all the feminist theories I can say that feminist perspectives of the family have go research away from the traditional functionalist view of male-dominated society. Feminist perspectives have highlighted the negative aspects of the family which the functionalists have previously ignored, however all the different feminist views assume that the nuclear family is still the norm and ignores the increasing diversity of family life. Additionally, feminism is a structural theory meaning that they assume families and their members are merelypuppets to be manipulated by society. amicable action theorists and postmodernists reject this idea and argue that individuals have some choice in creating family relationship of our own and choosing our domestic set up for ourselves. In lowest conclusion, I believe the feminist perspectives to have helped move sociological ideas forward and take into account negative aspects of family life as well as the positives, besides at the same time they need to broaden their ideas to encompass the idea of individuals having choice to create their own family situation with diversity in families on the rise.

Rebellion Against Oppression Essay

How Does Oppression Within Like Water for Chocolate and The House of Bernarda Alba Lead To touched Consequences? In both Like Water for Chocolate and The House of Bernarda Alba rebellion against oppression is a strong theme, with both Tita and Adela struggling to break free of their gravels authoritarianism. However, it is important to realise that with both characters, the authors are using them to symbolise their own journeys. Federico Garcia Lorca uses Adelas strong willed fight against Bernarda Alba to represent the costs of repressing the exemption of others.Likewise, in Like Water for Chocolate, Laura Esquivel uses Titas constant battle against florists chrysanthemum Elena to show how women struggle to be heard and how both men and customs duty fundament be strong oppressors. Laura Esquivel employs put-on realism throughout Like Water For Chocolate to show how Titas emotions are transmitted and exaggerated through food. Laura Esquivel presents the ghostly as an everyday fifty-fiftyt, however non all the characters accept it in the same way as reality, for example Mama Elena remains convinced that Tita is someways doctoring the food to her own liking, instead of it being magical tears.Tita lives in a traditional female role, she enjoys cooking and is a selfless nurturer but she lives low a matriarchal rule. A adult female who has never needed a man for anything, which leaves the reader questioning why Tita nailms to require a man in her life in cast to alight her matches. Adela, although fighting for her right for freedom again Bernarda Alba, still believes that she must take orders from Pepe. The traditional roles the flummoxs deplete created for their filles continue even in their rebellion.The men in both books are not particularly strong characters. All leaving the women to suffer for the mess they have created themselves. When Libradas daughter kills her newborn baby in order to avoid the shame of having sex with someone out of wedloc k, a big crowd gather in order to kill her. It is completely abnormal that the woman is being prosecuted for being a woman who tramples on decency as opposed to a murderer. This is an ironic recasting of the bloody shame Magdalene narrative, which exposes the hypocrisy of Bernarda Albas society.This shows however, that within both texts, men are far less restricted than the women. The man is of no fault for having sex out of wedlock, it is her shame. Similarly, in Like Water For Chocolate Mama Elena is far more annoyed at the idea of Tita shaming her family than of Pedro cheating on her eldest daughter. Mama Elena is obsessed with tradition and all her actions reflect this. Tita, being the youngest daughter of the family, is forced to remain at home until the day her mother dies.Mama Elena immediately disregards Titas questioning of the tradition, saying, for generations not a single person in my family has questioned this tradition, expressing that Tita should simply accept these traditions as fact and that she does not have the right to question her mothers authority. Rosaura informs Tita that her only daughter will care for her and never marry, according to family tradition. Rosaura tries to mirror her relationship with Esperanza to the relationship her mother and Tita shared.Tita is horrified to discover that Rosaura plans to perpetuate such an fell tradition. Rosaura does not seem to have any powerful emotions and persists to carry on the family traditions as a poor imitation of her mother. It is class and not tradition that keeps Bernarda Alba from concealing her daughters from the world of marriage and men within The House of Bernarda Alba. Her mind is focused on how the world views her and her family. When Angustias is seen looking at Pepe El Romano, her mother asks is it suitable for a woman of your class to go chasing after a man?She is instantly noticing that her daughter is stepping outside her class and reining her back in. When Matirio is set to marry Enrique Humanas, Bernarda wint allow it because her blood will never mix with that of the Humanas family proving that her only real interest is in class rather than the welfare of her daughters. Mama Elena and Bernarda Alba have different reasons for oppressing their daughters but both women are equally as keen to enforce their rules. It is ironic how un-natural the ends of oppression are shown to be.When Tita is brought into the world prematurely after her fixs sudden death, Mama Elena is the opposite of a nurturer, never forging any alignment with Tita. Tita develops a relationship with food that cracks her the power to nurture and give outlet to her emotions. Tita rebels against her mothers authority first through her consorting with Pedro. When Tita receives the news that Pedro is to be married to Rosaura, her life begins to crumble around her and throughout the novel at that place are many times when they meet without Mama Elenas knowledge.Roberto, Rosaura and Ped ros son is a strong, if not surprising influence in Titas actions. Roberto forges the bond with Tita that her and her mother never had and contary to what she had expected she feels an immense tenderness towards the boy. It is when Roberto dies that Titas rely to please her mother and her own desires clash and she outwardly defies her mother and travel out of the shadow of oppression for the first time. She tears apart all the sausages symbolizing her finally destroying her mothers rules.When Tita is found in the dovecote, it is ironic that Mama Elena states that t presents no place in this house for maniacs when her oppressive nature is what caused Tita to break down. When John arrives and removes her from the oppressive atmosphere her mother has created, and she is offered comfort and love, Titas failing sanity returns leaving the reader questioning Mama Elenas own sanity as she confines her daughters to a life of unnatural solitude. Adela is softly rebelling continuously thro ugh the three act play her real emotion doesnt arise until the end.From the first act, after the funeral Adela wears a green dress reservation her stand out from her more conservative siblings. The colour green symbolises fertility which Bernarda objects to. This immediately separates her from her family. Unlike Tita, Adela never covers up her feelings in front of her mother or siblings, she knows what she wants and her body will be for anyone. Bernardas cane is her symbol of authority, one bang on the floor and all is silenced. In her fury Adela breaks the tyrants rod, the ultimate rebellion, breaking Bernardas status symbol.With her object of authority broken, Bernarda can no longer oppress her youngest daughter. Lorca structures the conflict between the characters, short sentences forces the audition to feel the panic of the women and the strength of Adela as Bernardas matricachal world crashes down around her. In the last act Adelas repression from being with the man she loves causes her to deplume suicide, an ironic tragedy. Lorca makes the audience judge public morality by showing how women are oppressed throughout the scenes and how people react in the most unnatural fashion, women are convicted of adultery before murder.When Adela hangs herself, Bernarda is strong on the knowledge that her daughter died a virgin, she is much more interested in how the town see her as oppesed to the fact her daughter murdered herself due to Bernardas rules. Gertrudis and Paca Le Roseta seem very similar characters they both follow their carnal desire and run away. Paca La Roseta was carried off to the top of the olive grove by the men, when Bernarda finds out she agreed to it she is eager to announce her distaste, claiming Roseta is a loose woman and therefore to be shunned.Because she breaks the rules of what is deemed acceptable she is immediately rejected In chapter three, Titas lustful emotions find themselves in the quail in rose petal sauce. When served, the fa milys hidden lust rise to the surface, all of them experiencing Titas desire. Gertrudis is the conducting body for Titas rebellion giving her the opportunity to enter Pedros hot, voluptuous, totally sensuous body. Esquivel uses magic realism to describe Gertrudis setting aflame and running away with a man. Totally defying the rules of tradition set down by her own mother.Bernardas mother rebels against her daughter constantly and loudly. Constantly shouting that she wants to get married at the edge of the sea. She questions why isnt there any foam here? Nothing but black mourning shawls, she wants to go somewhere bright and full of hope instead of being locked up surrounded by the swarthiness of oppression. Maria Josepha is persistent in trying to escape her oppressor, trying to be a mother, outstepping her boundaries. She wishes a lamb to be a child as she has a strong maternal instinct that represents all the girls wish to be a mother.How they all must have a maternal instinct Be rnarda is not allowing them to have. The family is unnatural, a denial of nature. Maria Josepha represents rebelling against oppression much like Gertrudis in Like Water For Chocolate. Throughout both books, the matriarchal oppression forces both women to dumbfound to an unnatural end. The strict ideas of tradition, class and how a woman should act condemn everyone to a life of tragedy. Lorca and Esquivel are both fighting for the voices that were not allowed to speak in their own society.

Merton’s strain theory Essay

Merton used Durkheims concept of anomie to form his own theory, called Strain Theory. Merton argued that anomie is non created by dramatic social change, but rather by a social structure that holds the same goals to all its members without giving them equal means to attain them. Merton stated that all members of a capitalist association micturate goals such as wealth, status and personal happiness, (Merton, 1938) and that the means available to come across this winner are unevenly distributed throughout society. Merton believes that this lack of integration between society goals and what society realistically permits causes the less dominant or lower class concourse to suffer strain which results in alternate or illegitimate ways of achieving those goals. (Merton, 1938)Merton did not mean that everyone who was denied access to societys goals became deviant. He presented five modes of adapting to strain. shape is the most common mode of adaptation. Individuals accept both the g oals as well as the prescribed means for achieving those goals. Conformists will accept, though not always achieve, the goals of society and the means approved for achieving them. The people who make up this unit are mostly middle and upper-class individuals. The innovators are typically lower-class people who liking a high up-class life and focus on achieving it.Their means of success would be ones such as robbery, embezzlement or other such evil acts. Ritualism, the third adaptation, is made up of the people who abandon the goals they once believed to be within their reach and dedicate themselves to their current lifestyle they play by the rules and brace a daily safe routine. Retreatism is the adaptation of those who give up not only the goals but also the means. They often retreat into a world of drink and drug addiction. The final adaptation is rebellion, which occurs when the cultural goals and the legitimate means are rejected and are substituted by the individuals own goals and means. (Merton, 1938)Shoplifting is defined as the thievery by a person of goods or merchandise exposed for sale. (Denver Crime Definition, 2002) Accurate data on shoplifting is not widely available because its largely considered a petty crime and its occurrence is not always reported to police. A study of the reported cases of shoplifting found that it occurs most at liquoroutlets, pharmacies and general stores. To a lesser extent reported shoplifting occurs at service stations, news agencies and restaurants. (A.I.C. no.221, 2002)The people at most risk of victimisation are those who work at general stores, service stations, pharmacies and liquor outlets. (A.I.C. no.221, 2002) Shoplifting primarily affects the stores owner/s and employees as it hinders revenue, raises operational costs and creates inaccurate strain levels. Shoplifting also causes stress among co-workers which can lead to stressful working environments. (A.I.C. no.11, 2004) Shoplifting has a high involvem ent of both female and juvenile offenders and the majority of shoplifters are of low class or fired. (A.I.C. Australian Crime Facts & Figures, 2004)People shoplift because they are unable to gain access to the institutional means to achieve the goals they desire whether it is food to feed themselves or their families, or materialistic items to increase their status. This relates to shoplifting as the vast majority of cases as it is done predominantly by the lower class or unemployed population. This also explains wherefore there is a lack of middle and high class participants in shoplifting, as they have greater access to legitimate means to achieve their goals. (Merton, 1938)Shoplifting is often done by the unemployed as an act of innovation, not retreatism, rebellion, or ritualism. The unemployed desire the achievement of cultural goals of society but have an illegitimate access to the institutional means. Conformity can be used to explain why the majority of people do not sho plift, people who conform iternalise both the cultural goals of society and the structural means for doing so. (Merton, 1938)There are a some areas that Mertons strain theory fails to explain in relation to shoplifting. His theory does not explain shoplifting committed by people who have high financial status these people are not conformists, nor are they innovators. However, Mertons strain theory fits well with explaining the majority of shoplifting. He predicted that most criminalsfall into the innovator category, which does explain the majority of shoplifting cases.

Discuss the reasons for the global distribution of heart disease Essay

h The nature of coronary thrombosis Heart Disease. What is it?h The Global distribution of Coronary Heart Disease.h The uniformly causes for this imply diet, smoking, lack of shape as a minimum.For the tinder to function properly, your cheek needs a steady supply of oxygen from the job, which flows through the coronary arteries, to the heart muscle. Coronary heart malady is a term used to describe the condition when the supply is blocked by fatty deposits or a thrombosis.The arteries become blocked callable to a build up of fatty material in the lining. This causes the artery to become narrower, then the heart must pump harder to force the blood through. This causes the blood pressure to rise.There are three classifications of Coronary heart indisposition.If the coronary arteries become partly blocked, the person may experience chest pains brought on by exertion, which desist when resting again. This manakin of coronary heart complaint is known as angina pectoris. The p ain is caused by the shortage of blood to the heart muscles. With this form of coronary heart disease there is no death of the muscle tissue.If the arteries become completely blocked by a thrombus, this will cause a myocardial infarction, more commonly known as a heart attack. During a heart attack the lack of oxygen being pumped to the heart causes the heart muscle to die, and can also be fatal. Although many people survive with immediate medical attention.The other type of coronary heart disease is heart failure. This is the blockage of the main coronary artery, which leads to the gradual damage of the heart muscles. When this occurs, the heart will become weaker and weakeruntil it eventually stops pumping blood around the corpse efficiently.Coronary heart disease was unknown before the 20th century. The main reason for this is near probably because the majority of people died of something else before they could die of coronary heart disease. Usually some kind of infectious dise ase.Coronary Heart Disease is more prominent in developed countries. The main reasons for this are stress, swingeing diets, lack of exercise, smoking and tipsiness. In developed countries we are more used to taking the bus or using a car rather than walk of life or cycling to where we want to get to. With increasing obesity we are also acquire an increase of coronary heart disease.The distribution across the coupled Kingdom varies. For example, the people in the UK most likely to get coronary heart disease are those in the north west of England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. manual(a) workers are at a higher run a risk than those who have desk jobs are. South Asians in the UK are more likely get coronary heart disease than any other ethnic group. Men are also at greater risk than women are.The most common modal value for coronary heart disease start is when the coronary arteries become blocked by a build up of fatty deposits, known as cholesterol. The deposits form plaques i n the lining of the artery, which narrows the arteries. as well as making them less elastic. The narrowing of the arteries is called arteriosclerosis. This occurs when the lining is damaged, most likely due to high blood pressure. These breaks are taken over by phagocytes. These growth factors that let the growth of smooth muscle cells.Cholesterol is a fatty substance made from the saturated fat that you eat. It is essential for cells to stay healthy. Lipoproteins carry cholesterol through the body, in the blood stream. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) take cholesterol from the liver, and take it to the cells, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) carry excess cholesterol back to the liver.Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is the one that tends to build up on the walls of the arteries. If your level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is too high, the high-density lipoproteins will not be able to remove the cholesterol sufficiently and you will be at risk of developing coronary h eart disease.Thrombosis (blood clots) can also cause the coronary arteries to narrow, putting you at risk of heart attack. Coronary thrombosis occurs when blood turns from a liquid form to a solid form, creating a clot in one of the coronary arteries and stopping blood supply from getting to the heart muscle. Coronary thrombosis usually occurs at the site of existing arteriosclerosis.Agerisk increase with age. Although coronary heart disease can begin in early lifeSexmales at a much higher risk than women (women protected by oestrogen until menopause, but will still be protected if they have HRT)Weightbeing overweight or pear-shaped will increase your chancesDiethigh intake of animal (saturated) fats means high risk of coronary heart disease.Blood cholesterolhigh blood cholesterol levels results in high risk of coronary heart disease.High blood pressurehigh blood pressure causes higher risk of coronary heart disease.Smokingcombines with the other factors. Most common factor. Multipl ies risk of getting coronary heart disease.Exercisemore exercise reduces the risk of coronary heart disease.Hereditysome families are at higher risk than others areDiabetesdiabetics have higher riskAlcoholexcessive drinking causes high blood pressure, increase risk of atheroslerosis. Moderate intake can be protective.Social classheart disease more likely to occur among manual workersThe way to prevent getting coronary heart disease is to limit your intake of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and to keep you intake of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol high. Ways you can do this includeh Reducing the amount of food we eat containing saturated fat, as the body turns this fat into low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.h Avoiding excessive intake of egg yolks, most meats, such as pork, lamb, beef and veal, also butter, full fat milk and cream cheeses.h Eating more pea, lentils, beans, and oats will also help to discredit cholesterol as they contain fibre.h Eat more vegetables, pulse s, cereals, and fruit.h Higher intake of anti-oxidant vitamins, such as vitamins C and E. These vitamins can prevent saturated fat being converted into cholesterol by your body.h Nuts, like Brazil nuts are rich in selenium. This protects the body from tissue damage, like that damage causes by a myocardial infarctionh Exercising is also very all important(p). As well as being able to to a lower placewrite your weight, also has been proven to increase the bodys levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Which in its turn keeps your low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels down. Walking and swimming are two of thebest forms of exercise.h Eat more oily fish like kippers, pilchards, trout, herring, sardines, mackerel and salmon. These fish contain oils that can lessen the risk of thrombosis.h If you are a smoker, the most important thing to do to reduce your risk of coronary heart disease is to stop smoking. Smoking is the major cause of coronary thrombosis in people under 50 y ears oldBibliographywww.who.int/ncd/cvdwww.who.int/whosid/www.nhsdirect.nhs.ukhttp//nhlbisupport.com/chd1/chdexp.htm

Marathon

Any mavin still on their number out after this time leave alone be regarded as a pedestrian and, therefore, must obey the rules of the highway code regarding pedestrians. Walkers be required to use the footpaths at all times. Participants Participants for the half & Full marathon must be age 18 or over on the twenty-four hours of the race. If both participant is unwell prior to the event he/she is hash out not to take part. Please arrive at least 45 minis before the start of your event, this allow for modify you to familiarize yourself with toilets, refreshments and the start and finish areas.Please cable the organizers give the gatenot accept responsibility for any loss or damage of your reporter. Entry fees are not refundable. All participants must register during the allocated times in rig to collect their race number, micro chip, and goody bag. These items cannot be posted out. The registration office will be runged on Directions from Belfast At the Mourner groun d Hotel roundabout go straight. Continue down the Belfast Road/Downslide Road for c. Miles.At the next roundabout (at Newer Courthouse) turn right. Take the next Right and continue to learn Business Park. Directions from Dublin Continue on the main AY path towards Belfast and take the slip road for the Cucamonga Road Junction. At the bathroom of the slip road take the third exit heading for the Vivifies roundabout. At the Vivifies roundabout take the fourth exist for Newer Go to the bottom of the road. At the handicraft lights the only election is to turn left(p). Also take the next left and continue to WIN Business Park. Directions from Armada At the Vivifies roundabout go straight (taking the 3rd exit for Newer).Go to the bottom of the road. At the traffic lights the only option is to turn left. Take the next left and continue to WIN Business Park. rivulet Number All participants will receive individual racecourse numbers. The running number is specifically allocated and c annot be exchanged without authorization from the race director. Please note the medical staff are provided with a competitor list and will not be aware of any changes unless notified in advance. Numbers must be attached to the front of running tops, mutilation or non-display of numbers will lead to disqualification.Championship Champion chips will be given out at registration and will be allocated only to one entrant. Chips cannot be exchanged with another participant as this will affect corded times. The chip is the property of time Ireland and all chips will be put in at the finish line. Lost chips are charged to Newer City Marathon Ltd at a cost of E per chip. The Marathon Course. Starting out aspect the Newer quote Union Building on Hill Street at 9AMA, will take the side by side(p) travel guidebook. Hill Street south towards William Street.Right onto Dublin pair and then a U-turn on Dublin Bridge and right turn onto footpath along River Street, Warrenton Road until leavi ng footpath and going onto road toward note of hand Industrial Estate Roundabout. Onto hard-shoulder of Warrenton dual-carriageway towards Warrenton. The route through Warrenton is Newer Street, Church Street right along Dock Street by the Square, keeping on the right-hand side of the road, Marine Parade where you go onto the Promenade as far as the Baths, crossing the road at this point onto Queen Street, Church Street and dorsum toward Newer on the same carriageway staying right. I. E. Running on inside lane) proceeding to Greenback Industrial Estate Roundabout for the halfway mark and picking up the Half Marathon runners to proceed to Warrenton along the same route as before. On the return to the Greenback Roundabout stay on the road until the footpath at Warrenton Road onto River Street, left onto William Street to Dublin Bridge, Then a right IS- turn to William Street and a left onto Hill Street to the swallow up at Newer recognition Union. The Half Marathon Course.Starting at Pair Osler in Greenback Industrial Estate at 10AMA the route goes onto the Warrenton dual-carriageway on the hard-shoulder staying right toward Warrenton The route through Warrenton is Newer Street, Church Street right along Dock Street by the Square, keeping on the right-hand side of the road, Marine Parade where you go onto the Promenade as far as the Baths, crossing the road at this point onto Queen Street, Church Street and back toward Newer on the same carriageway staying right(I. E. Running on inside lane) proceeding to Greenback Industrial Estate Roundabout . N the return to the Greenback Roundabout stay on the road until the footpath at Warrenton Road onto River Street, left onto William Street to Dublin Bridge, Then a right IS- turn to William Street and a left onto Hill Street to the Finish at Newer Credit Union. The Walk Course. Starting at Pair Osler in Greenback Industrial Estate at 10AMA the route goes onto he Warrenton dual-carriageway on the north jump-start sid e WALKING ON THE FOOTPATH AT ALL TIMES toward Narrow weewee Keep. Turning at Narrow Water Keep and proceeding back toward Newer on the same footpath to Greenback Industrial Estate Roundabout.Onto the footpath at Larrikin Spar Garage then onto River Street, left onto William Street to Dublin Bridge, Then a right IS- turn to William Street and a Left onto Hill Street to the Finish at Newer Credit Union. The manoeuvre Run Course. Starting outside the Newer Credit Union Building on Hill Street at 1 1 Moa, will take the following route. Hill Street to Killdeer Street, Left onto Killdeer Street onto the Mall to Mars Street, left onto William Street and left onto Hill Street to finish at the Newer Credit Union.Mile Markers Both the half and full marathon will be individually mile marked. Refreshment Stations Water stations every three miles on the Marathon and Half Marathon courses. Sports drink stations at approximately 8 and 18 miles. Energy gels will be available at near water statio ns for athletes who have found these of benefit dung their treating PLEASE DISPOSE OF LITTER RESPONSIBLY IN BINS PROVIDED- THANK YOU. Race Retirement Should any participant retire at any time during the race, they must inform the nearest marshal.There will be a sweep vehicle following the race, which can take you back to the start. Spectators Spectators are very welcome but should not venture onto the course. Marshals Specific Event trained marshals will be in place along the course. They will be clearly identified with high-visibility vests, you must obey their advice/instruction to keep yourself safe at all times, and traffic disruption to a minimum. Timing and Results There will be a Champion Chip timing mat at the finish.All participants must cross his to enable results to be recorded. Results will be displayed at the finish and will be available on the website www. Merchantability. Com. Time Keeper Glenn Grant Champion Chip Timing Results Derek Cowan/Glenn Grant Race Starter Re presentative from the Main Sponsor. Mr. Sean McCracken The referees decision will be final. There will be no entries accepted on the day Post Run There will be limited facilities for sports massage at the finish area. Presentation of prizes will take place at the early opportunity.By taking part, all participants have agreed for their names and any footage or photographs taken during their articulation in the marathon to be used to publicist the marathon event. Participants acknowledge and agree that personal information (including medical information entered on my race number or collected by event medical staff during or after the Event) can be stored, used and disclosed by the Newer City Marathon in connection with the organization, promotion and administration of the Event and for the digest of statistical information.If a participant becomes ill during or after the Event and/or receive medical attention or treatment either from event medical Taft, SST John Ambulance or any doct or or hospital, he/she authorities such persons to provide their details (including details of medical treatment) to the Medical handler of the Newer City Marathon or others authorized by him.Marathon Officials reserve the right, in their sole discretion, to modify, supplement or waive all of the Official Rules. Participants shall be bound by any modification or supplement of the Official Rules published prior to the Marathon. Failure to follow these Official Rules, as may be amended, will result in immediate disqualification, loss of prize money and ejection from the event.

Reforms in China Essay

Many reforms hurt been cut ind in China since it attained its independence but the virtually signifi dismisst ones took place after 1978. These reforms atomic number 18 very popular in the history of China as the scotch transformation is all attributed to them. The consider to introduce the reforms was the urgent political as well as economic urgency to revive the Chinese economy which was headed for doom. Communism failed to see the field realize its goals of industrialisation. kinda it had seen the country compromise its food security and it was clear that development would non be realized self sufficiently.There was expect to introduce new and distinguishable policies to help change the countrys economy. The reforms were successful in the sense that they liberalized prices, diversified the banking systems and promoted the development of the private sector which was almost inexistent. The present sectors would gain outgrowth autonomy and would operate in a free economy as a way of increasing their efficiency. Despite all these positive effects of the reforms, in-chief(postnominal) issues that emerge calling for serious or vital considerations if they argon to be covered strongly.This paper aims at classifying the CPS reform strategy and establishing if it is a sinified brotherlyist or an authoritarian developmentalist. CPS reform strategy is authoritarian developmentalistic in nature. The reforms have been successful in improving the tidy sums standards of living and as Randall explain in his book China Modernizes Threat to the West or archetype to the rest? the life expectancy rate has risen. (Peerenboom, 2007). China has been registering economic addition year after year and this is expected to go on for quite a long time.It has promoted trade liberalization and embraced capitalism but the enjoyment of the state is likewise significant and cannot be undermined. The state is responsible for the regulation as well as the control of im portant sectors of the economy. It also take ins that the conditions ar effective for the effective operations of business. Privatization was to be encouraged with the intromission of the reforms. It strengthened the private sector which was almost inexistent during the era of communism. The reforms have brought about mixed feelings to the Chinese people.Despite the economic benefits that came with the reforms it is argued that they brought about separation or segregation among the Chinese people. China introduced the reform as it wanted to revive the economy as well as to increase its independence where the aspect of foreign dominance would be eliminated. The political leaders at the time internalized the need for intensive economic development and there were focused to enhancing industrialization. A socialist nation is one where the state has much control over almost all aspects. Such systems ar condemned in the sense that they perform minimal incentives to encourage innovat ion.In general, the issue of efficiency is one that raises much concern in as far as such states argon concerned. With the reforms the regimen activity control on prices would be minimized and consequently the commercialize distortions that were caused would be eliminated. If power is decentralized the various levels of government would have the autonomy necessarily to modify them work effectively and efficiently. Allowing state corporations to operate within the limits of the market forces of demand and supply would see to it that prices reflected the actual prices.It is this ideology that would enhance the strength of such bodies. As China moved away from the initially practiced fabianism it continued to undermine nationalism and the economic aspect was placed above the other aspects. The ensuant effect of this practice was the intensive distortions in the economy as well as in the political arena. The popular values that ensured that the peoples interests remained the gove rnments major role were replaced by the need to develop. As Randall explains in his book China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest?chapter 4 democracy in the Asian countries remains a exceedingly debatable issue and it constrains mixed reactions in people. The real sense of democracy does not seem to be felt as can be seen in the manner in which elections are carried out. In any democratic nations elections are carried out to permit the people have a say in the matters concerning their nation. They act as a measure that checks on how a country is run. Good leaders are generally elected or re-elected to continue with the projects they have established.However, the manner in which most Asian countries conduct their elections is quite questionable and it raises concerns as to whether the main priming for the elections is to ensure that democracy prevails. They are characterized by chaos and people would go the extra mile of disrespecting the rule of law to secure their position in power. The reaction of the common man as regards to this issue is hostile in nature. If people are denied the right to freely and fairly participate in the running of their birth nation then they end up opting for harsh measures. (Peerenboom, 2007).Tun-jen, Jacques and Deborah argue there is need to reform the political organization too. Power in China has not been reformed and the same powers that the first generation had are the same powers that the four generation has. (Huang, 2005). A good illustration to prove the reality of this statement is the occurrence that just as the earlier leaders had much power in as far as the military was concerned so are the up-to-date leaders. There is need to change the political system especially the party organizations. This would lead to their effectiveness in organiseing issues as they emerge.The political leadership should move with the time as different times are characterized by different and unique issues. Tun-jen, Jacques and Deborah suggest that if the government is to regain its lost glory tarnished by the rampant corruption that jeopardizes its very legitimacy then the political leadership moldiness be reformed. It must change in a manner that patch ups it relevant to the newly emerge situation. (Amin, 2005). The reforms can be explained as authoritarian developmentalistic in nature. The political elite who form the government are committed to ensuring that development remains a highly valued national goal.To attain this goal they have set necessary institutions to design, implement the state led development projects. Although capitalism is embraced in such a state this is not without some restrictions. The institutions with the role of ensuring that policies set in place are geared towards the economic development of the nation makes it hard for other parties to make their contribution. This exclusivity of some institutions at that expense of the majority causes much conflicts or tensi on. The capitalism exercised in China is limited to the extent at which the state intervention is ensured.Policies that are allowed are those that pave way for rapid industrialization and more preference is given to the structures or institutions that would be of a positive impact in as far as economic development is concerned. The reforms failed to let the market operate effectively as with the mixed economy government control in market was inevitable. As Randall explains in his book China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest? chapter four, bureaucratic privileges were not effectively addressed and the countrys power structure was not effectively addressed thus undermining democracy.As a result of this the common man feels detached from the same system that is divinatory to ensure that his interests are amicably dealt with. The government has failed in fulfilling its responsibilities effectively as can be seen in the way it exhibits laxity in the implementation of l aws that ensure the protection of its citizens. Public participation is highly disregarded in as far as policy making is concerned. The reforms were to bring about significant changes which should be felt by the entire system. (Peerenboom, 2007). Consequently there is need to implement changes in the legal as well as the political institutions.Some aspects of socialism should be adopted to ensure that economic development is not at the expense of the common man. For there to be effective development it is important that countries must embrace democracy. Whenever democracy is undermined then the chances for intensive demonstrations are increased and this is not good for the economy. If people are not allowed to have a say in their affairs they may opt for the harsh ways of expressing their views. Again, if consultation is not done the policies to be implemented may not necessarily the best for the people. res publica invokes varying or rather conflicting views as some argue that its efficiency is correlated to state of the country in question. To this regard they argue that its effectiveness would be felt in the developed countries. (Peerenboom, 2007). However, in some developing countries with many groups where there is minimal chance of one group dominating the others it can well exercised. In the current position, democracy only works to benefit a few people in the society. The elite who stand a give away position in society whether in the aspects of power or money slant to benefit at the expense of the majority poor.Democracy does not address the same issues it was introduced to deal with. In any cases it only works to perpetuate conflicts as the commoners will strive to use whichever means at their disposal to have their voice heard. The inefficiencies that democracy is characterized with include the lack of transparency by the elite n society. This paves way for irregularities in the system as the political elites are not answerable to anyone. They are reluctant to meet the needs or interests of the people even though that is their major role.Another important characteristic of this democracy as explained by Randall in China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest? is the poor dissemination of information. The reason behind such practice is the need to keep the people in the dark in the running of the state. As the saying goes, what you do not know does not bother you, if people are not aware of the actual evils of their systems then they would not air their views on the same. Again, if only the positive information is disseminated then the people are less apparent to condemn the system or even make contributions in the running of the system.(Peerenboom, 2007). In chapter four of his book, China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest? , Randall explains how China prides in the way it has successfully alleviated millions from poverty. However their efforts can be countered by the fact that it has not dealt with the issue of inequalities effectively as the fissure between the haves and the have-nots is very wide. (Peerenboom, 2007). The government is however committed to ensuring that education and healthcare are given much priority and this can be seen in the introduction of free schooling and subsidized medical care in the rural areas.There exist significant disparities in as gender is concerned and women tend to for instance register higher illiteracy rates compared to men. The minorities also seems to have been neglected by the current system and thus there is need to address their interests. Although the Chinese people need to address the main issues affecting them especially the inequality and corruption such efforts are hindered by the lack of sufficient resources. The social groups that would have come in handy in enhancing this lack the financial power to operate effectively and efficiently.Randall in China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest? describes the c ivil societies as too weak to meet their challenge. Jianfu Shen in his article, universe of discourse Growth, Ecological Degradation and Construction in the Western parting of China, the population growth is also an issue that the Chinese government should address. (Shen, 2004). It is critical for it to promote equality among its citizen so that it has a unified growth. The issue of inequality is also cited as one that calls for urgent redress by Tun-jen Cheng and others in China Under Hu Jintao Opportunities, Dangers and Dilemmas, (Friedman, 2005).The issue of environmental degradation is also highlighted and it has intensified as industrialization continues to be embraced. In China the elections do not address the peoples problems. (Peerenboom, 2007). This is evident in the sense that the problems of inequality, corruption, poverty and human suffering are not resolved after elections. The elected government seems to forfeit its role in addressing the problems at hand. Politics i s dominated by the political elite who are in close links with the business elite or are themselves in business.Money also plays an important role in influencing the elections as the exuberant give money to attract more votes. The authoritarian developmentalistic reform strategy gives room for social evils like political violence as well as rampant corruption. Corruption is a major setback in China as Randall explains in chapter five of his book, China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest? There is need to ensure that the existing institution especially the legal system reform so that they can effectively deal with it. The role of the legal system cannot be underestimated in as far as economic development is concerned.Law and order must be maintained to create conducive environments for the people. If the rule of law is well adhered to then the chances for corrupt dealings will be minimized to a large extent. The legal systems would ensure that spot rights are respe cted and this will be effective in ensuring that businesses flourish. (Peerenboom, 2007). This paper has by and large explained the aftermath of the reforms as a way of defining the strategys position. The reforms produced varying effects as some benefited at the expense of others.Whether the reforms brought about economic growth is undisputable given the fact that they saw the country emerge from just another developing country to register an increment in the countrys GDP year after the other. Many people were relieved from poverty as their incomes rose and so did their standards of living. However there is another aspect of the reforms that is not only worrying but needs to be addressed. The reasons that make the reform strategy take the form of an authoritarian developmentalist by limiting the peoples voice or say is irrelevant need to be well addressed.Lack of effective democracy where important human rights are not respected makes the reform strategy a failure in the sense that it undermines important issues that it ought to be addressing.ReferencesRandall Peerenboom. 2007. China Modernizes Threat to the West or model to the rest? Oxford University Press Yanghong Huang, 2005. Is the Chinese State Apparatus Being Revamped? in Tun-jen Cheng, et. al. ,eds. , China Under Hu Jintao Opportunities, Dangers and Dilemmas, River Edge, N. J. World Scientific Publishing Company, Samir Amin, 2005.Theory and Practice of the Chinese Market Socialism Project Is Market Socialism an Alternative to good-looking Globalization? in Tian Yu Cao, ed. , The Chinese Model of Development, London and New York Routledge,. Edward Friedman. 2005. Jiang Zemins Successors and Chinas Growing Rich-Poor Gap, in Tun-jen Cheng, et. al. ,eds. , China Under Hu Jintao Opportunities, Dangers and Dilemmas, River Edge, N. J. World Scientific Publishing Company Jianfu Shen, 2004. Population Growth, Ecological Degradation and Construction in the Western Region of China, Journal of Contemporary China, 13, 41 (November 2004) 637-661

A Difficult Decision Essay

I chose to economize about a difficult decision I had to make years ago. I had to choose mingled with leaving my family in hope of employment, or retain to let tax money support only of us. It was the best decision I nonplus ever made. Starting truly from nothing, to living a familiar happy life, and none of this was possible without my wife. She is the true warrior. She stuck by me through this whole thing. She always supported my decisions. It was a very conf victimisation time in my life, moreover I had to do what was best for my family.In marching of 2008, I was married to my wife, Lorene. I was 18 years old and ready to start a family. I was stupid. I made decent money progress toing construction, but never expected to be fixed off. My first son was born in October of 2008. So I got the family that I wanted, I precisely didnt have a job immediately.We lived in Yucca Valley, California, where my Mother rented a home to us. She was a recovering inebriantic. She lived in Arizona with her husband at the time. Her name was Lari Lee Packer. I know, boys first name. Doctors told her that if she ever drank alcohol again, she would die. After I told her husband m any times not to bring alcohol in the house, he continued. So in January of 2009, my Mother spent a few weeks drinking with her husband, and died. She was 44 years old. now after her death, people were calling, and showing up at my Mothers house in California. A lot of the people that showed up wanted me to sign papers to take over my Mothers debt. My older brother had already advised me to refuse. The other party of people that came were there only to aver us that we had 24 hours to hail out.My life was falling apart. We didnt have any family in the area, nor any transportation. I was terrified. We ended up staying at a motel for deuce weeks, then moved down to the urban center of San Bernardino, where we lived with Lorenes sister. Another year went by and we were still on welfare, and po orer than ever. I had nothing but my family, and a hard choice to make. I could stay and hope things would get better, or fly to my brothers house in North Carolina and seek employment. It felt like ofttimes(prenominal) a long shot, but I had to do what was right. I couldnt continue to feel useless. I made a family, just to be unable to provide for them. So I took the risk and flew to my brothers house.I walked two miles down the railroad tracks everyday, to go apply for jobs. On the fourth day, I was hired at McDonalds and a gas station. It sounds pathetic, but I no longer had standards since I was unemployed for so long. I would work endless hours, only to come home, collapse on my brothers couch for four hours, get up and do it again. I continued this schedule for three weeks before deciding to leave McDonalds. By the time I received my last check from McDonalds, I had saved enough money, and flew my family to North Carolina.In conclusion, it was a difficult decision to leave m y family and venture into the unknown, but it was the best decision I have ever made. I think people need to remind themselves from time to time, what is best for the family? I now work as a hotel desk clerk, and I have a lot of free time. After discovering how a lot free time was available, I had to further pursue my education. So here I am, and thats whats best for my family.A Difficult Decision EssayIn Richard Wilburs poem A barricaded Owl and the poem The History instructor by Billy Collins, some(prenominal) describe adults attempt to harbor nestlingren from fears that are known and unknown to them, sugar-coating satisfying life events that could harm the childrens innocence. An elementary school instructor in The History Teacher tries to shelter his students from what he thinks would affect the childrens view on the being while parents in A exclude Owl assure their wakened child that the boom of an owls voice are simple questions from a curious forest bird.Both writer s convey that grown-ups who attempt to preserve the innocence of children only delay the inevitable. Richard Wilbur depicts a common mail of a frightened child in the dark of the night seeking guidance from mom and dad. The writer distinguishes the mood and setting with lines such as, The warping night air, or, darkened room. Wilbur uses these lines to help the lecturer go through the mood of the poem by using certain diction to portray the fear that is commit within this childs adjournroom.See more The stages of consumer buying decision process essayThe meaning of each line is enhanced due to the power writing in an AABB rhyming pattern emphasizing the signifi sufferce of each rhyme such as the lines, The warping night air having brought the boom of an owls voice into her darkened room or, Words, which can make our terrors bravely clear, can alike thus domesticate a fear and even, Or pipe dream of some low-down thing in a claw borne up to some dark fork and eaten warm. By Richard Wilbur displaying a simple situation of a scared child, he displays the actions parents take in ordering to ease and comfort a child to not only preserve their innocence but to also take away any fear a child has while dealing with this type of situation and many others. In the poem, A History Teacher by Billy Collins, the writer illustrates a routine classroom full of ignorant children being educated by their teacher.Little did these children know that their history teacher is presenting altered historical events in order to protect their innocence. By using the lines, the Ice Age was genuinely just the Chilly Age, or, the Stone Age became the Gravel Age, Collins demonstrates the teachers attempt to shield the students from the outside world. The author speaks in third person to create an image in which the listening can fully understand rather than reading from first person.By the author choosing third person rather than first person, the audience will not read fro m a perspective from a component part within the story, therefore receiving a reliable perspective and not one side of the story. Writer Billy Collins helps the reader further understand how the teachers attempt to shelter his students from the cruel Darwinism of the world did nothing but harm their education.The lines, The children swearing the weak and the smart, and, he gathered his notes wondering if they would believe displays the reality of the teacher being the ignorant character other than the students by harming their education in order to protect them from the inevitable. With Richard Wilbur using the lines And send a small child back to sleep at night to the lines Borne up to some dark branch and eaten raw in A Barred Owl the writer allows the audience to understand the childs joy as she goes to sleep as an innocent child.The audience also understands that with the child being sent to bed with a white lie, she remains ignorant from the Darwinism of the world. Althoug h, in Billy Collins The History Teacher the students continue to act in Darwinism as they carry on to torment the weak and the smart breaking their glasses, and both the teacher and children go home from learning and feeling nothing when the child and parents in A Barred Owl go to sleep with peace and understanding that fear is no where to be found.The History Teacher is told in third person manoeuver of view for the audience to conceive both sides of the result the teacher has caused by his choice of guidance. A Barred Owl is written in first person point of view to display the parents decision on soothing a frightened child both poems present both sides of the outcomes the adults cause. Richard Wilbur and Billy Collins expose adults attempt to prevent children from losing their innocence although the writers also display an illustration of adults doing anything possible, striving to prohibit what is destined.Parents should ease children into the real world rather than be afraid of their children entering corruption. A Barred Owl and The History Teacher opens adults eyes to where adults realize when and where a child should enter the real world. Adults should guide children through troubling times and not alter their view of the world so much it can become destructive.

Essay Plan

The purpose of this valuement is to provide developmental feedback to help you to improve your procedure on the final module examination which carries 100% of module marks. Each of the essay questions below will appear as a seen question on the forthcoming examination paper engagement in this formative assessment task is therefore essential in your preparations for this. It is imperative that you complete this task to the ruff of your ability to optimism your level of act on the doodle overall.Failure to engage with this task is likely to adversely come across your performance on the module. The task You are required to produce an essay plan of 500 spoken language (excluding voice communication In reference list). This should Include the following 1. An Introduction of 200-250 words written In large with appropriate citations. 2. An outline of the main body which Includes a list of key Ideas/arguments, presented In a consistent order Including Indication of key authors. Links to the question should be highlighted to demonstrate relevance of Included material. 3. draw of conclusion which summaries key points and links back to the question set. 4. Reference list In undecomposed which follows Harvard Referencing. You should select adept of the following questions A. Perspectives, Perceptions and Selections Outline the social exchange perspective on selection. In what ways does this develop our fellow feeling of the selection process? B. Managing Performance Why Is performance management necessary In organizations? Critically assess the difficulties that arise In Its Implementation. BY MEETS You are required to produce an essay plan of 500 words (excluding words in reference list).This should include the following 1. An introduction of 200-250 words written in full with appropriate citations. 2. An outline of the main body which includes a list of key ideas/arguments, presented in a crystal clear order including indication of key authors. Links to the question should be highlighted to demonstrate relevance of included material. 3. Outline of conclusion which summaries key points and links back to the question set. 4. Reference list in Why is performance management necessary in organizations? Critically assess the difficulties that arise in its implementation.

Edgar Allan Poe’s The Tell Tale Heart Essay

Edgar Allan Poes The Tell record Heart relates the chronicle of oneness mans fixation at the seemingly trifle and otherwise common place prospect of the gaze of anothers eyes. So consumed is this person of his obsession with the eyes belonging to his tenent or landlord that one night he decides to force it off, kill its owner, and bury the eyeball in question under the floorboard. Needless to say, Edgar Allan Poe succeeds in exacting save another dose of terror, dread and trepidation from his readers. The stated sentiments exist partly because of the plot, but largely because of Poes use of visual imagery, characterized by words which harp on the senses as people perceive it. These perceptions, the heightened sensations that the vote counter, who is in fact, also the murderer in the story, feels in the extent of the short story is given structure by the way which he proceeds to talk of his victim. He writes first of being alluded to the eye, not being curiously attached to i t initially, but describing it with an endearment out of place, and with a distinction which one would not normally employ when referring to something as ordinary as one of the five senses, except perhaps if people were talking about their lovers (which the narrator is not). His interest shifts and evolves as the story progresses. Talk of the eye in question becomes irrational to the point of alarming, and readers cheat at this point that something ominous is about to ensue.The narrator begins to talk distinctly of the eye as it were a separate entity, separate from that of its owner, the landlord, who he admits of being nothing but kind, and not having mistreated him in any way. His loving and long winded descriptions regarding, and romancing the eye in question, and the person to whom it belongs to culminates in a course of sue which brings him to the landlords bedroom in the middle of the night. While in the victims sleep, he decides to ram the eye for himself, and he describ es it with such loving and final triumph as though it were a parcel and an important task that had long been awaiting fruition, and the time has come for it to bear fruit. More than what has already been narrated and told in the plot, the story tells of one mans obsessive longing, his ascension to insanity (or a closely related version of it) because of the pursuit of that longing, and the consummation of the same longing and madness by means of taking matters into his own hands, and literally plucking out from the face of the earth what had been bothering him for so long.Although not the most pleasant of activities, and certainly not the one people would resort to as a matter of routine or principle. But for the narrator, for the person who compulsory to put an end to this longing, this ball up, this gap which need to be filled, it meant the world and more. It meant a sense of triumph. It indulged his senses and satisfied his itch for an irrational but complex need to fill up a gap in his inner being and sanctum. Despite the questionable ethical as well as moral tendency with which he proceeded in committing the crime, to him it was a necessary road to ease and fulfillment.A Poem As It Regards to the Tell Tale HeartTrue, people are kind andtruer still, people are beautifulbut beauty exists in fewer instancesthese days.In smaller and smallerand smaller packages.So come dearest, let us you and me scare away

Public Speech on Sharks

Sharks What are they? Big scary monsters? Do you think of sharks culmination out of the depths at you? Our active imaginations have made sharks into modern day monsters. But do you authentically know what your chances are of getting attacked by a shark? We all know this nigh sharks, hold outt we? Theyre vicious, theyll waste anything, they all want to eat people, and theyre everywhere. Well, just think about this. Most shark species (about 80%) have never even attacked a human.And of the ones that do, it adds up to about nose candy people,each year,worldwideand most of these victims survive. In fact, most sharks are small, harmless and dont hot anywhere near us. So now that we know the facts, lets determine a critical more closely at the life of a shark and how they really behave. First things first how keen are they to get themselves nearly human flesh? Hardly at all, as it shepherds crooks out. Their job is to feel by eating, breathing and reproducing just like any ot her animal. They eat fish and other leatherneck animals.People are not part of their normal diet. Some sharks are even plankton-eaters. And they dont eat all that much According to the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles, sharks that have been studied eat about 2% of their body weight per day slightly less than most humans. That means a 45-kilogram (100 pound) shark would in all likelihood eat food equal to about five hamburgers a day And think about this If sinlessness sharks really were attacking humans for food, why is it that nearly 75% of these attacks are non-fatal? Why do they time period eating?The answer, according to most experts is that theyre looking for something with more fat. People are too scrawny. And thats why after it takes a first bite,a great white will usually turn up its nose at whatever remains. So why exactly do they attack, if they dont want us? About the only time sharks attack humans on purpose is when their ground is invaded or their courtship ri tuals are interrupted. Anyone with a pet knows that any animal can become angry when strangers invade its space. Sharks are just the same.Most other shark attacks are probably also cases of mistaken individualism a swimmers flapping feet and hands may look like the movements of a fish darting through the weta human, especially one wearing a black wet suit and flippers, may look something like a seal. But dont even assume that because you can aggravate them, that in that locations danger wait on your beach. The beaches arent full of great white sharks, just waiting for us. Far from it. In fact, great whites are relatively uncommon, and they prefer cooler waters. Whats more, in some parts of their range, great whites are close to being endangered.

The Holy One of Israel in Isaiah

The consecrate integrity of Israel This search c one timerns about the meaning of the divine prenomen The saintly single of Israel in the Book of Isaiah. It is press release to state clearly the study approach before recommendation on going into the discussion. Approach of this essay The reserve of Isaiah had been studied through different approaches of which three ar quite distinctive1. (1)A pre-critical, or traditional, mind, still lay out in nearly conservative scholars. They keep the entire keep of Isaiah connected to the illusionist Isaiah of the eighth century B. C. E. There is nonhing intrinsically impossible as the approach is prophecy.With the turn off of historical criticism, such an approach has been commonly rejected in the interpretive world. (2)A critical understanding of the book of Isaiah is reflective of the intellectual world of the West in the 18th and 19th centuries that focuse on historical issues. The dominant idea of this approach is the div ision of the book of Isaiah into, with short hand references, First Isaiah, siemens Isaiah and Third Isaiah. However, the three Isaiah only exist as an editorial convenience, but without integral connection to all(prenominal) other. 3)The canonical study of the book of Isaiah recognizes that the book is a literary complexity. It is a literary approach, draws upon historical-critical gains but moves beyond them toward theological interpretation. The finishing approach is used in this essay. Introduction The consecrated matchless of Israel, as a description of god is a distinctive feature of the Book of Isaiah. The name appe ared in the Old testament 32 meters, 26 times in Isaiah. The other six times in Jeremiah (5029 515), Ezekiel (397) and Psalms (7122, 7841, 8918).It is hardly coincidence that in his vision in Chapter 6 Isaiah himself has perceive the seraphim proclaiming beatified, holy, holy is Almighty YHWH, the whole book works out the implications of that vision. In chapters 1-12, and then 13-27, 28-39, 40-55 and at last 56-66, the message of this vision spreads in ever widening circles. Each part leads to the next, but each also relates to that key awareness that YHWH is The holy whiz of Israel. The table below shows The saintly matchless of Israel appeared in the book of Isaiah at different periods of history with related scriptures. crack Chapters Motif Historical stillts2 Scriptures 1 Prologue In the days of 4 kings of Judah 14 1 2-12 Sign of Im globeuel gainsay to Judah Time of Ahaz 519, 24 1017, 20 126 2 13-27 Fall of a Great City Calamity and consent for the acress 177 3 28-39 Siege of Jerusalem Challenge to Judah Time of Hezekiah 2919, 23 3011, 12, 15 311 3723 4 40-55 Light to the Nations Comfort in Babylon 4114, 16, 20 433, 14 4511 474 4817 497 545 555 5 56-66 slip away of the Prodigal Son Challenge to Judah after Exile 609, 14 The Meaning of Holiness The Hebrew word for holiness is qodes (Greek hagios).It is u sed for what is set apart from a common to a sacred use3, as the utensils and ministers of the sanctuary, and certain days (Ex 208 3031 3110 Lev 217 Num 517 Ne 89 Zech 1421) for what is separated from ceremonial defilement (Ex 2231 Lev 2026) or immorality (2Cor 71 1Thes 47) including false worship and heathen practices (Lev 206, 7 216). In a larger sense matinee idol is holy, for He is separated from all other beings by His infinite perfections, by His being, wisdom, power, holiness, justices, goodness, and truth, the glory of which fills the earth (Isa 63). Israel acquires holiness by being obedient to Gods commandments and confining to His compact car (Lev 1144 Deut 289)4. The concept of holiness permeates the life of Israel. Even the land occupied by the the great unwashed is con viewred holy (Zech 212). The capital city Jerusalem is designated as the city of God, the holy habitation of the Most High (Ps 464). The Holy oneness of IsraelThe term The Holy One of Israel reflects the dialectical relation between The Holy One and Israel. It is a relation with the Holy One with a non-holy entity5. The Holy One requires Israel to be holy. Be holy because I, the original Your God, am holy (Lev 192). The separate one be behaves the attached one. Their relation is bound by covenant. The challenge of the relation is Israels unfaithfulness in worshipping other gods. The most nonable example is the imposition of Baal worship on the northern kingdom by Ahabs marriage to Jezebel. Both the northern and the southern kingdoms suffered captivity. Any rebellious from Israel side causes discipline from The Holy One side. Exile from Israel causes In the midst from the other, punishment causes redemption, go widely causes teaches and leads etc. In the Book of Isaiah, the Holy One is the passe-partout, God. The churchman has passion. He is angry at Israel who rejects His laws (524 311) but His compassion is good news more(prenominal) directly for the powerless (2919). He is the occasion of Israel (4315), the Maker of this nation (177 4511 545). He is called the Holy One of Israel, and is in relation with Israel, exchangeable Husband and wife (545), Father and son (4511 6316 648). The Holy One of Israel is in the midst of the people of Israel (126), they provide stay upon the nobleman (1020). The harmonious covenant relation between the Holy One and Israel is being challenged by the rebellious Israel.The people sport forrice beern the maestro, they have contemned The Holy One of Israel (14 519, 24 3012 3723), they are dour away backward and they reject the law of the churchman (524). The people have been warned but they do non look unto The Holy One of Israel (311). Israel is being punished and exiled. This is the way that the Lord teaches and leads Israel (4817) to restore the covenant relation. The Holy One of Israel, their deliverer and Savior (4114 433, 14 474 4817 497 545) rescues the people from exile so that they forget understand the work of the Lord (2923 4120), they forget rejoice in the Lord and they will sanctify The Holy One of Israel (2923 4116).He Himself works for Israel (4314), through the redeeming work of the Lord, He has glorified Israel (555 609, 14). YHWHs majesty and authority is everyplace Judah and other nations (497). On that day shall a man regard his Maker, and his eyes shall look to The Holy One of Israel (177). This is a sketch of a thread fasten The Holy One of Israel throughout the Book of Isaiah. It is discussed in more details below. Prologue (Chapter 1) Israel is called to be a holy nation (Exodus 196), now be stick tos a sinful nation (14). A people laden with iniquity, a people being the seed of Abraham become a seed of evildoers. They have despised The Holy One of Israel. The degenerated children have forsaken the Lord, their father.Nothing in human life is more tragic than an unsuccessful upbringing. Gods children rebel against God. The ox knows his owner, and the ass his m asters crib, but Israel does not know, my people does not take away (13). The knowledge to The Holy One of Israel is even worse than ox and ass to their master. The rod of the Holy One is upon Israel, like the Holy Father disciplining His son (Hebrew 124-11). One day, Judah will be called the city of righteousness, the faithful city, Zion will be redeemed by justice, and those in her repent by righteousness (126, 27). Israel is like the debauched son who cedes to his father. Part 1 (Chapters 2-12) Sign of ImmanuelJudah turns their back to God, the people think that the wealth is built by their power and might, they do not look up to their God, The Holy One of Israel, and they despise His words. They do not even know who they are before the Holy One of Israel. What a rebellious nation who tests and tries The Holy One of Israel. Let Him make speed, let Him hasten His work, that we may see it and let the counsel of The Holy One of Israel draw nigh and come, that we may know it (519) . The people do not know themselves before the Holy One. Even do they not seek the Holy One of Israel, nor do they lift up their eyes on God, but rather they have taunted and blasphemed the Lord (3723).The sinful nation is called the rejecter of the law of the Lord and despiser of the Word of God (524). They forget the laws of the Lord, those holy decrees, laws and regulations that the Lord established on Mount Sinai. (Lev 2646). For that grounds the fire of judgment would descend on them like fire that devours the stubble, and they would burn like chaff. The wicked are perished in the judgment. They are like trees with rotten roots and blossom torn off by the wind. They tent flap away like dust (524). His hand is raised and strikes them down. His hand is still upraised (525). At the time of King Ahaz, a sign of Immanuel is given to the people of Judah.No matter how unfavorable the circumstances is, The Holy One of Israel is with them when Damascus and Samaria are punished, and al so God will be with them when Assyria comes up to destroy like razor (710-20). Part 2 (Chapters 13-28) Fall of a Great City Calamity and Hope for the Nation YHWHs punishment comes. The fortress will disappear from Ephraim, and the kingdom from Damascus (173a). Israels trouble comes from looking at away from YHWH and disregarding YHWHs governance and requirements. They have been excessively preoccupied with their own achievements and mesmerized by their own religious assurances. But now Israel would refocus their eyes back to The Holy One of Israel (177). The chemical group is repentance and return to YHWH. Part 3 (Chapters 28-39) Siege of JerusalemThe Holy One of Israel is a defender but the people of Judah do not seek Him. God has spoken to the leaders of Israel not to opine on Egypt, nor to return to Egypt to acquire more horses (Deut 1716). However they opposed Him and turned their back on Him. Woe to them that go down to Egypt for religious service, and rely on horses, and trust in chariots, because they are numerous and in horsemen, because they are exceeding mighty but they look not unto The Holy One of Israel, nor seek the Lord (311) They are rebellious people, faithless children, who do not listen the instruction of the Lord (309). They do not like the true prophesy (3110), nor the right path, nor listening to The Holy One of Israel (3111).Therefore, the punishment of The Holy One of Israel is upon them, like a break in a high wall, bulging out, and about to collapse, whose crash come suddenly (3113) its breaking is like a smashing potters vessel (3114). The Holy One of Israel urged His people to return and rest (3015), to be quiet like a weaned child at its mothers breast, and to surrender trustingly to their father, to have childlike faith. However, Judah is constantly in fear, surrounding by enemies. The wicked man has no peace but grief. Judah does not have the love of God to seethe out fear. They were nervous and ran to and fro without ea ch accomplishment. They focused not on The Holy One of Israel but wrongly on Egypts chariots and horses. The city of Jerusalem finally falls down.The people become captives, being exiled to Babylon. Part 4 (Chapters 40-55) Light to the Nation During the period of exile, The Holy One of Israel is a Comforter. Fear not the Lord speaks to Jacob three times in 4110-14. That is indeed necessary because the poor exiles fear so many things. But the Lord, the faithful covenant God, uses all kinds of motives and inducements to comfort His people. In the exile, Jacob looks like worm, insect, dead man. The Lords comfort gives light to this nation. Fear not, for I am with you, do not be afraid for I am your God. I will strengthen you, and I will sustain you. I will have-to doe with you with my victorious right hand. (4110) For I, the Lord your God, hold your right hand it is I who say to you, Do not fear, I will help you(4113). Do not fear, you worm Jacob, you insect Israel I will help you, says the lord your redeemer is The Holy One of Israel (4114). The Lord will help Jacob with His right hand. He will make Jacob a new sharp threshing instrument having teeth, to thresh, strike, punish and crush the mountains and hills, so that they are blown away as chaff before the wind. On that day Jacob will rejoice in the Lord, they will glory in The Holy One of Israel. Lords comfort brings hope to the nation. The desolate people know what it meant to suffer thirst. The exile experiences are like the poor and needy seeking water. The Lord has heard their voices.He will not forsake them. To those perishing with thirst, much water supply was the most striking metaphor of rich blessings. This abundance is described as the breaking forth of streams, even on the plateaus. Trees will come up in former deserts. On that day, they may see and know and consider, and understand together, that the hand of the Lord has done this, and The Holy One of Israel has created it. Redeemer and Crea tor (431-15) The Holy One of Israel is a Redeemer of Jacob. He has given Egypt as Jacobs ransom, Ethiopia and Sheba in exchange for Jacob. Why? Because the Lord is the creator of Israel, for he will redeem His people (431).The Lord calls Jacob by name, showing intimate relationship between the covenant God and Israel. Israel was precious in Gods sight and honored, and God loved Israel. He gave people in return for Israel, nations in exchange for their life. Also, the Lord is their God, The Holy One of Israel, their Savior. He will comfort them. The fire constantly purifies Israel, but it never consumes her the water cleanses her, but it could never swallow up the Jews. When you pass through the waters, I will be with you And when you pass through the rivers, they will not sweep over you. When you walk through the fire, you will not be burned The flames will not set you ablaze. (432)For the sake of Jacob, The Holy One of Israel will punish Babylon, He will bring down all of them as fugitives, even the Chaldeans, in the ships of their shouting, because The Holy One of Israel is their Redeemer, their Creator, their King (4315), their Maker and Husband (545). Part 5 (Chapters 56-66) Return of the Prodigal Son The Holy One of Israel participates in the Return of Jacob to Jerusalem. 609 and 6014 mentions The Holy One of Israel. It is a scene of return of Jacob to Jerusalem from Babylon. In 609, to bring your children from get ahead away, their silver and gold with them, for the name of the Lord your God refers to the return of Israel with the herald of the King Cyrus of Persia (Ezra 11-4). pen 14 referred to the help of the Lord, Jerusalem is called the City of the Lord, the Zion of The Holy One of Israel.In the exposition of Chapter 60, blight Bultema6 writes that some attempted to explain this divine oracle concerning the blessedness of the Israelites as taking place after the return from Babylon others explained them wholly spiritually of the prosperity, gr owth and extension of the christian Church during the days of the New Testament. Bulterma further quotes the expositor Van der Palm statement the former explanation must of necessity weaken the intended meaning of the words, and the latter violates all sound literal biblical exegesis. Since it has been stated in the beginning that the approach of this essay is canonical literary one, it is not agree to take the traditional view here. From the structure of Chapter 60, it refers to the return from Babylon. -5Glory of the Lord is upon Jerusalem. 6-12Gold and frankincense and all the riches are brought to Jerusalem by sea and by land. 13-18Those who oppressed Israel shall come bending low to Israel. They would know this is the work of the Lord, He is their savior, Redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob. 19-22God was the glory of Zion. One more discussion Is Jesus The Holy One of Israel? From the above discussion, we can see that The Holy One of Israel is God who bears the following titles Redeemer, Savior,Comforter,Protector,King, Creator,Maker,Husband,Father There are two questions arise. First, Is The Holy One of Israel referring to Jesus and never in any way beyond Jesus? Second, Is The Holy One of Israel referring to Jesus? In response to the first question, Harry Bultema states that it refers to our Lord Jesus, who is constantly indicated and further defined as the One who created and formed Israel and who one day shall deliver, protect, and spiritualize it as the Savior. 7 It is not agree with Bultema for two reasons, though The Holy One of Israel bears the above titles in the book of Isaiah. (1)In Isaiah, The Holy One of Israel is also referred to as a Father (4511), which is contradict to the title of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. 2) The promise applies to Israel. The church should not rob the glory of the Jews. Da Costa complained once our country, our cities, our glorious name and the church had robbed us of our promises. Did this not concern you, O Christians. In response to the atomic number 16 question, the title is originally referring to God who comforts, redeems, creates, etc in the Old Testament time. It is very closed referring to Jesus, except for the title of Father whose name exists in the triune God. Conclusion With the approach of the canonical study of the book of Isaiah, it is found that the Holy One is the Lord, God. He is the Creator of Israel, the Maker of this nation. He is the Father of this people. The following few lines tot this essay.Holy, Holy, Holy, Lord God Almighty, Immanuel is Your name. Woe to those who despise Your Words, The Holy One of Israel they know not. Woe to those who seek help from Egypt, Protector, Comforter, Savior, Redeemer, they ask not. Your rod from Assyria is upon them, but You are in the midst of them. On that day, their eyes are upon You, They will see You are the Deliverer, the Maker of this Nation. On that day, the Creator will hear, Your are my Father, we are Your children . Bibliography 1. Walter Brueggemann, Isaiah 1 39 (Westminster ass Knox Press, Louisville) 1998. 2. Walter Brueggemann, Isaiah 40 66 (Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville) 1998. 3.John Goldingay, New International Biblical definition Isaiah, (Hendrickson Publishers, Massachusetts) 2001. 4. John D. Davis, Davis dictionary of the al-Quran, 4th edn (Baker Book House, curtilage Rapids, Michigan) 1975. 5. Johannes B. Bauer, Encyclopedia of Biblical Theology Vol 1, (Sheed and Ward, London) 1970. 6. Stephen Lee, Lecture Notes on BSN304 sense Isaiah An Exploration on the Spirituality of Exile, 2010. 7. Gordon C. I. Wong, The Road to Peace Pastoral Reflections on Isaiah 1-12, (Genesis Book, Singapore) 2009. 8. Geoffrey W. Bromiley, The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia bulk IIE-J, (Grand Rapids, Michigan) 1982 1 Walter Brueggemann, Isaiah 1 39, (Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville) 1998, 3-5. 2 John Goldingay, New International Biblical Commentary Isaiah, (Hendrickso n Publishers, Massachusetts) 2001, 8. 3 John D. Davis, Davis dictionary of the Bible, 4th edn (Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, Michigan) 1975, 334. 4 Geoffrey W. Bromiley, The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Volume IIE-J, (Grand Rapids, Michigan) 1982, 725-726. 5 John Goldingay, New International Biblical Commentary Isaiah, 15. 6 Harry Bultema, Commentary on Isaiah, (Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids, Michigan) 1981, 584. 7 Harry Bultema, Commentary on Isaiah, 20-22.